Bennington College History: Music: 1950s

1950

• A Concert of Contemporary Chamber Music by Members of the Bennington Ensemble (poster) Schonbeck, Gunnar; Pernel, Orrea; Finckel, George; Nowak, Lionel (1950-03-01)

• Betty Secunda and Doris Robbins Senior Music Projects (program) Secunda, Betty; Robbins, Doris (1950-04-25)

• A Program of Music by the Dartmouth Trio (program) Hoffman-Behrendt, Lydiah; Sherrard, Edwin; Kvam, A. Kunrad (1950-05-04)

• Bennington Community Band Pop Concert (program) Schonbeck, Gunnar (1950-05-12)

• St. John Passion Bach (program) Boepple, Paul (1950-05-21)

• A Concert of Baroque Music directed by Doris Lee Robbins as part of her Senior Project (program) Robbins, Doris Lee (1950-05-30)

• A Senior Recital by Cynthia Lee accompanied by Claude Frank (program) Frank, Claude; Lee, Cynthia (1950-06-07)

• A Second Concert of Baroque Music Directed by Doris Lee Robbins as part of her Senior Project (program) Robbins, Doris Lee (1950-06-06)

• Faculty concert, Orrea Pernel, Fania Chapiro, George Finckel, Lionel Nowak, Claude Frank. September 7. Carriage Barn. College Week (program included)

• Piano workshop "Forgetting. What do you do? How do you avoid it?" September 19. Bennington Weekly article

• Faculty concert, Orrea Pernel, Fania Chapiro, George Finckel, Lionel Nowak, Gunnar Schonbeck, Claude Frank. September 21. College Week (program included)

• Music seminar "The Tuesday seminars provide more advanced instrumentalists with performance experience and are devoted to relatively "finished" performances." September 26. Bennington Weekly article

• Faculty concert. Orrea Pernel, Fania Chapiro, George Finckel, Lionel Nowak, Claude Frank. October 5. College Week (program included)

• Faculty concert, Orrea Pernel, George Finckel, Lionel Nowak, Claude Frank. October 19. College Week (program included)

• Concert Ernst Bacon, pianist,  Analee Camp cellist. November 9. Carriage Barn. Bennington Weekly article | College Week (program included)

• Concert: Claude Frank. November 30. Bennington Weekly article

• Faculty concert. December 7. Bennington Weekly article | College Week (program included)

• Tower Music under the direction of Gunnar Schonbeck. December 10. 4:00 pm Commons. College Week (program included)

• Bennington Community Band Pop Concert conducted by Gunnar Schonbeck. December 10. 8:00 pm Commons Theater. Bennington Weekly article |  College Week

• Community Christmas party: orchestra will play a short concert, bell ringers, and Bennington Octet. December 14. Bennington Weekly preview article | Bennington Weekly review article | College Week (program included)

1951

• Two piano concerto / Bach. Four pages from a musical diary; Suite on old music for violoncello and piano / Lionel Nowak. Chaconne; Sonata III in C major / Bach (Audio)  Pernel, Orrea; Nowak, Lionel; Finckel, George; Frank, Claude (1951)

• Perotinus and Guillaume de Machaut: A Concert of French Music of the 13th and 14th Centuries presented by The Dessoff Choir (program)  Boepple, Paul; Frank, Claude (1951-03-06) Town Hall, New York City.

• Faculty concert March 22. Bennington Weekly article | College Week (program included)

• Faculty concert. April 5. Carriage Barn. Bennington Weekly article | College Week (program included)

• Performance of Hindemith's settings of Rilke's Das Marienleben. Faculty House at Williams College. (1951-04-13) College Week 

• Paul Boepple conducting the Dessoff Choirs. April 15. Harvard University. Bennington Weekly article

• Bennington College Trio: Orrea Pernel, Lionel Nowak, and George Finckel. April 19. Bennington College. Bennington Weekly article | College Week (program included)

• Bennington College Trio: Orrea Pernel, Lionel Nowak, and George Finckel. April 22. Dartmouth College. Bennington Weekly article

• Faculty Concert. May 3. Carriage Barn. College Week (program included)

• Bennington Community Chorus Presents W. A. Mozart Great Mass in C Minor K. 274 (program) Boepple, Paul; Faull, Ellen; Stahl, Dorothy; Chabay, Leslie; Matthen, Paul (1951-05-20) Bennington Weekly article

• Faculty Concert. May 27. College Week (program included)

• Faculty concert: Orrea Pernel and Lionel Nowak. June 14. Bennington Weekly article

• Concert: Leslie Chabay June 6. Carriage Barn. Bennington Weekly article

• Faculty Concert. June 7. College Week (program included)

• Carol Feuer Senior Concert (program) Feuer, Carol; Robbins, Doris; Dykema, Gretchen (1951-06-15) Bennington Weekly article

• Faculty concert. September 6. Carriage Barn. Bennington Weekly article

• Faculty Concert. September 20. College Week  (program included)

• Recording of Indian music presented by Paul Boepple in coordination with the events of the Conference on India. September 26. Bennington Weekly article

• Faculty concert: Orrea Pernel, George Finckel, Joseph Schaaf and Gunnar Schonbeck.  October 7. Bennington Weekly article | College Week

• Peace by Aristophanes presented by the freshman drama group on Commons Lawn with music by the Bennington Band under the direction of Gunnar Schonbeck. "A Feast celebrating the return of the Goddess, and of a bumper crop of apples will be held directly afterwards along with orgiastic rites". October 12 College Week | The Bennington Weekly Vol. 2 No. 5 

• Four Fathers. A concert to benefit the Bennington Community School. October 25. Carriage Barn. College Week

• Faculty concert. November 1. Carriage Barn. Bennington Weekly article | Program in Bennington Weekly

• Faculty Concert (program) Chabay, Leslie; Frank, Claude; Nowak, Lionel (1951-11-15). College Week 

• Student Concert. November 22. Carriage Barn. Bennington Weekly events listing

• Faculty Concert. November 29. Carriage Barn. College Week (program included)

• Faculty Concert. December 13. Carriage Barn. College Week (program included)

1952

• Faculty concert. March 20. Bennington Weekly article | College Week (program included)

• The Bennington Ensemble concert. March 21. Paine Hall, Harvard University. College Week

• Concert by Syracuse University Faculty. April 6. Carriage Barn. College Week (program included)

• Faculty Concert. April 17. Carriage Barn. College Week (program included)

• Faculty Concert. May 1. Carriage Barn. College Week (program included)

• Mannes Trio concert. Leopold Mannes, Bronislav Gimpel, Luigi Silva Trio. May 18. Carriage Barn. College Week (program included)

• Concert by Bennington Community Chorus and Bennington College Orchestra. May 25. Carriage Barn. College Week (program included)

• Faculty Concert. May 29. Carriage Barn. College Week (program included)

• Bennington Quintet Concert. June 5. Carriage Barn. College Week (program included). This concert was filmed as part of the United States Information Service film called "Bennington College".

• Joan Olmsted senior concert. June 17. Carriage Barn. College Week

• Film screening. U.S. Department of State films Toscannini' s "Hymn of the Nations" and "Tanglewood Festival in tho Berkshires" Barn 1. June 23. College Week

• Chamber Music Concert June 27. Carriage Barn. College Week (program included)

• Faculty Concert. September 5. Carriage Barn. College Week (program included)

• Faculty Concert. September 18. Carriage Barn. College Week (program included)

• Vermont Symphony Concert with Stella Anderson, Soloist, and Otto Luening. October 2. Bennington State Armory. College Week (program included) 

• Faculty Concert. October 9. Carriage Barn. College Week (program included)

• Faculty Concert.  October 30. Carriage Barn. College Week (program included)

• Faculty Concert to benefit funds for a tape recorder and to build up a Music Library. November 20. Carriage Barn. College Week 

• Williams Bennington Concert. December 2. Williams College. College Week 

• Senior Project Concert by Ruth Miller assisting artist Leonard Hokanson. December 11. Carriage Barn. College Week (program included)

• Elias Lopez Concert (Music Fellowship student) December 14. Carriage Barn. College Week (program included)

• Orchestra Christmas Concert. December 17. Carriage Barn. College Week (program included)

1953

• Sonatina / Lionel Nowak (audio) Nowak, Lionel; Frank, Claude (1953-03-17)

• Faculty Concert. March 19. Carriage Barn. College Week (program included)

• Faculty Concert. April 2. Carriage Barn. College Week (program included)

• Faculty Concert. April 16. Carriage Barn. College Week (program included)

• Faculty Concert. April 30. Carriage Barn. College Week (program included)

• Joint Concert by Music Faculties of Bennington and Williams Colleges. May 14. Carriage Barn. College Week 

• Concert by David Tudor, featuring contemporary piano music. May 17 Carriage Barn. College Week 

• Bennington Community Chorus and Orchestra. "The Requiem" by Brahms. May 24. Bennington Armory. College Week (program included)

• Faculty Concert. May 28. Carriage Barn. College Week (program included)

• Mary Atherton Senior Concert. June 11. Bennington Bulletin

• Leonard Hokanson, MA concert. June 14 Bennington Bulletin

• Faculty Concert. September 11. Carriage Barn. College Week 

• Faculty Concert. September 24. Carriage Barn. College Week (program included)

• Faculty Concert. October 8. Carriage Barn. College Week (program included)

• ​​​​​​​Faculty Concert. October 22. Carriage Barn. College Week (program included)

• ​​​​​​​Faculty Concert. November 5. Carriage Barn. College Week (program included)

• ​​​​​​​Piano Recital by George Zilzer, assisted by George Finckel. November 12. Carriage Barn. College Week (program included)

• ​​​​​​​Carol Sing: a program of Christmas music by student group, the Madrigal Singers. December 7. Carriage Barn. College Week

1954

• Beethoven Violin Sonatas op. 24 and op. 96 (audio)  Beethoven, Ludwig van; Pernel, Orrea; Nowak, Lionel (1954)

• Music of Lionel Nowak (audio) Nowak, Lionel; Pernel, Orrea; Bloom, Robert; Pollikoff, Max; Trampler, Walter; Finckel, George; Auden, W. H. (1954)

• Faculty Concert. April 1. Carriage Barn. College Week (program included)

• Chamber Opera and Chamber Music concert conducted by Henry Brant. April 14 & 15. Carriage Barn. Program

• Leçons de Ténèbres / François Couperin (audio) (College Week includes the full concert program) Couperin, François; Chabay, Leslie; Finckel, George; Finckel, Marianne (1954-04-13)

• Ludwig Olshansky Concert. April 18. Carriage Barn. College Week 

• Faculty Concert. April 29. Carriage Barn. College Week 

• Faculty Concert. May 13. Carriage Barn. College Week (program included)

• Chamber Orchestra Concert. May 18. Carriage Barn. College Week (program included)

• Opera Workshop. June 5. Carriage Barn. College Week 

• Vermont Symphony Orchestra and Bennington Community Chorus. June 6. Bennington Armory. College Week 

• Joint Concert by Leonard Hokanson and George Zilzer. June 10 Carriage Barn. College Week 

• Madrigal Singers Concert. June 16-20. Carriage Barn. College Week 

• Chamber Music Concert. June 25. Carriage Barn. College Week 

• Stella Anderson, piano concert. September 23. Carriage Barn. The Bugler 

• Faculty Concert. October 7. Carriage Barn. College Week (program included)

• Faculty Concert. October 21. Carriage Barn. College Week (program included)

• [Spoof award announcement] "The College is happy to announce three recent awards to members of its faculty: In Music, the Nemerov Fellowship for Distinguished Fingering to George Finckel. In Literature, the Feeley Award for largest Metrical Footage, 1928-54 to Howard Nemerov. In Art, Finckel Grant for Advanced Brushing and General Paint Handling to Paul Feeley. Each award is for $5,000.00 and six months' study in Berlin, New York." (9 November 1954) College Week 

• Bennington College Community Orchestra (program) Schonbeck, Gunnar (1954-11-13) 

• Faculty Concert. November 18. Carriage Barn. College Week (program included)

• James Dalgleish Memorial Concert; also, Music of Franck and Rameau (audio and program) Franck, Cesar; Dalgleish, James; Rameau, Jean-Philippe; DeGray, Julian; de Blasiis, Virginia; Pollikoff, Max; Grossman, George; Finckel, George; Frank, Claude; Nowak, Lionel (1954-11-21)

• The Bennington Community Chorus presents The Creation by Joseph Haydn Boepple, Paul; Myers, Joy; Teitelbaum, Sally; Chabay, Leslie; Matthen, Paul (1954-12-12)

• Madrigal Singers Concert. December 14. Carriage Barn. College Week

1955

• Music of Bartok, Williamson-Ballou, Goeb, and Beethoven (Audio)  Bartok, Bela; Williamson-Ballou, Esther; Goeb, Roger; Beethoven, Ludwig van (1955)

• Faculty concert - Claude Frank. March 17. Carriage Barn. College Week  (program included)

• Sage City Six  - faculty jazz band concert. March 19. Carriage Barn. College Week

• Symposium on Music and Art "The Music Faculty will present a program designed as an explanation for the layman of one of the problems of contemporary music with which creative minds in this field are working today. In anticipation of the Symposium on Music and Art to be held at the College on May 15, 16, and 17, in which Music by Carl Ruggles, Charles Ives, Roger Sessions and Edgard Varose will be heard, the problem of contemporary music that most obviously suggests itself is the Disintegration of the Diatonic System and the Formation of a new Tonal Language, in which each of these men has played an important part. An outline will be given by Mr. Julian DeGray, tracing the gradual transition from classic tonality to contemporary atonality, with illustrations taken from Hymns, Bach, Mozart, Wagner, Ravel, Ruggles, and Jazz." Bennington College Bulletin - Alumnae Quarterly: Symposium on Art and Music | Bennington College Symposium on Music and Art Concert , May 17, 1955 | College Week (program included) | Symposium on Music and Art (Invitation) | Symposium on Music and Art (Poster) 

• "History of the Opera will be discussed at the next few weeks of Mr. Chabay's Opera Workshop." Tuesday evenings. Jennings 136. College Week

• Julian DeGray, speaker "The Disintegration of the Diatonic System and the Formation of a new Tonal Language" with illustrations of music by Berg, Valen, Nowak and others performed by the Music Faculty. (1955-04-14) College Week

• Faculty concert. April 28. Carriage Barn. College Week (program included)

• Sibyl Totah Senior Concert (program) Totah, Sibyl (1955-05-03)

• Linda Conner Senior Concert (program) Conner, Linda; Pernel, Orrea; DeGray, Julian (1955-05-10)

• Augustus Nowak recital. May 12. Carriage Barn. College Week (program included)

• Jane Simpson Senior Concert (program) Simpson, Jane (1955-05-25)

• Symposium on Music and Art: an assessment of vital and controversial developments in this country during the last three decades. May 15-17. Poster | Invitation | Edgard Varèse letter | Concert Program

• Faculty concert. May 26. Carriage Barn. College Week (program included)

• Phyllis Heywood Senior Concert (program) Heywood, Phyllis; Totah, Sibyl; Pernel, Orrea; Humbert, Susan; Finckel, George (1955-06-02)

• Jane Uhler Senior Concert (program) Uhler, Jane (1955-06-07)

• Bennington College Orchestra and Community Chorus (program and audio) Nowak, Lionel; Simpson, Jane; Myers, Joy; Phillips, Adelaide; Chabay, Leslie; Scheuer, Robert; Boepple, Paul (1955-06-09)

• Augustus Nowak Master of Arts in Music concert (program) Nowak, Augustus (1955-06-14)

• Chamber music concert. June 24. Carriage Barn. College Week 

• Quartet in F for strings / Maurice Ravel (audio) Ravel, Maurice; Pernel, Orrea; Sherrard, Edwin; Bickford, Anne; Finckel, George (1955-09-08)

• Claude Jean Chiasson, harpsichordist (program) Chiasson, Claude Jean (1955-09-22)

• Faculty concert. November 17. Carriage Barn. College Week (program included)

1956

• Comus (program)  Milton, John; Lawes, Henry, composer; Wilcox, Thomas, director; Schonbeck, Gunnar, music director; Goldstone, Ruth, choreography; Glover, Carole, costumes; Poling, Nancy, costumes; Stein, Evelyn, stage manager (1956) Date is approximate based on entering and graduation dates of students.

• Bennington Music Conference (Audio) Brant, Henry; Johnson, David; Koopmans, T.C.; Tenney, James; Strongin, Theodore (1956-08)

• Rolf Barnes (program) Barnes, Rolf (1956-06-20)

• Student Concert (program) Barnes, Rolf; Phillips, Adelaide; Taffs, Leonard; Campbell, Jean; Nowak, Lionel; Calabro, Louis (1956-06-28)

• Jean Campbell Senior Concert (program) Campbell, Jean (1956-05-30)

• George Zilzer Piano Recital (program) Zilzer, George (1956-12-02)

1957

• Bennington College Community Orchestra (program)  Brant, Henry (1957-04-25)

• Janet Sutter, piano (program) Sutter, Janet (1957-05-05)

• Wolfram Leonard Taffs, pianist (program) Taffs, Wolfram Leonard (1957-05-15)

• Rolf Barnes Master in Arts of Music concert (program) Barnes, Rolf (1957-06-11)

• Anniversary procession: for 64 trombones, 2 trumpets, timpani and xylophone / Henry Brant. Bennington Community Orchestra (includes rehearsal) : Gabrieli; Gallus; Brant. Trio Sonata "L'Astree" / Couperin (Audio) Brant, Henry; Pernel, Orrea; Nowak, Lionel; Calabro, Louis; Boepple, Paul; Tenney, James; Finckel, George (1957-06-20)

• Symphony for Strings: for the 25th Anniversary of Bennington College / Louis Calabro (audio) Calabro, Louis (1957-06-21)

• Bennington Music Conference Summer (Audio) Usmanbas, Atifet; Nowak, Lionel; Nichols, Matilde; Finckel, George; Williamson, Esther; Pollikoff, Max (1957-08)

• Bennington College Orchestral Concert (program and audio)  Brant, Henry (1957-11-20) Henry Brant, conductor. Cora Gordon, '60 violin; Liane Marston, '58 viola. Coker: Analogies; Carl Ruggles: Lilacs; Henry Brant: Stresses. Charles Ives: The Unanswered Question; Mozart Symphony in E flat.

1958

• Martha Flowers, soprano (program) Flowers, Martha; Wadsworth, Charles (1958-03-19)

• Faculty Concert: music of Persichetti, Overton, and Calabro (program and audio) Persichetti, Vincent; Overton, Hall; Calabro, Louis; Nordli, Douglas; Nowak, Lionel; Pernel, Orrea; Marston, Liane; Finckel, George; Trampler, Walter (1958-04-03)

• Faculty Concert (program) Gordon, Cora; Finckel, George; Pernel, Orrea; Marston, Liane; Terrell, Martha; Finckel, Marianne; Nowak, Lionel (1958-04-16)

• Bennington College Community Instrumental and Vocal Groups (program) Brant, Henry; Coker, Wilson; Terrell, Martha; Tenney, James; Fairlie, Margaret; Manes, Stephen (1958-04-30)

• Inauguration Concert (program and select audio) Byrd, William; Tenney, James; Finckel, Edwin; Shostakovich, Dmitri; Calabro, Louis; Nowak, Lionel; Hillyer, Robert; Baker, Frank (1958-05-11)

• Music of Calabro and Brant (audio) at the Inauguration of William Carl Fels (1958-05-12)

• Joy Carpenter Senior Concert (program) Carpenter, Joy; van der Linde, Reinhoud; Kroschell, Joan; Finckel, George; Terrell, Martha; Brant, Henry; Marston, Liane; Calabro, Louis; Reynolds, Kathryn; Louise, Fenn; Grossman, Francis; Nowak, Lionel (1958-05-24)

• Liane Marston, violist (program) Marston, Liane; van der Linde, Reinhoud; Pernel, Orrea; Gordon, Cora; Terrell, Martha; Little, Ann (1958-06-04)

• Rosamond Tudor, clarinet and piano (program) Tudor, Rosamond; van der Linde, Reinhoud; Terrell, Martha (1958-06-11)

• Senior Concert (program) Marston, Liane; Pernel, Orrea; Terrell, Martha; Calabro, Louis; Little, Ann; Gordon, Cora; Tenney, James; Nowak, Lionel; Tudor, Rosemond; van der Linde, Reinhoud (1958-06-27)

• Faculty Concert (program and audio) Nemerov, Howard; Schonbeck, Gunnar; Nowak, Lionel; Brant, Henry; Finckel, George; Boepple, Paul (1958-09-10)

• Donald H. Andrews. "...spoke on the community of form between graphic arts, music and atoms, leaving the science, music, and arts faculties snorting, fuming and disputing. The debate still rages." Fall 1958. Bennington College Bulletin Alumnae Issue vol 27 n 2. p14

• Martha Terrell, George Finckel, Jenny Polson, Henry Brant, Louis Calabro, Frank Baker. September 24. Audio Recording

• Ginette Martenot-Lazard : program of contemporary music played on the Onde Martenot (French electric solo instrument) (program) 

• Stephanie Hartshorn, soprano, Donald Brown, tenor (program) Hartshorn, Stephanie; Brown, Donald; Martin, Phyllis; Reynolds, Kay (1958-10-12)

1959

• Bennington College Community Orchestra (program) Brant, Henry (1959-04-02)

• The Union College Concert Ensemble Curtis, Edgar (1959-04-25)

• A Concert Of Russian Music (program)  Nowak, Lionel; de Blasiis, Virginia; Finckel, George; Calabro, Leotina; Brant, Henry (1959-05-13)

• A Student Concert of Baroque Music for the Recorder (program) Bramel, Joanna; Tower, Joan; Terrell, Tita; Gordon, Cora; Creel, Jennifer; Carter, Katherina; Davidson, Lucienne; Fenn, Louise; Polsen, Jenny; Carleton, Shelley; Miller, Amy; Little, Katherine; Brant, Henry (1959-06-08)

• An Evening of Chamber Opera and Chamber Music (program) Brant, Henry (1959-04-14)

• Kay Jibben Master of Art Concert (program) Jibben, Kay (1959-05-20)

• A Program of Early Music Arranged for Strings (program) Martin, Phyllis; Calabro, Louis (1959-05-24)

• Tita Terrell, violoncello, Louise Fenn, soprano and Lionel Nowak, piano (program) Terrell, Tita; Fenn, Louise; Nowak, Lionel (1959-05-31)

• Faculty Concert (program) Baker, Frank; Brant, Henry; DeGray, Julian; Raimondi, Matthew; Calabro, Leotina; Calabro, Louis; Finckel, George; Schonbeck, Gunnar; van der Linde, Reinhoud (1959-06-17)

• Student Concert (program) Tower, Joan; Creel, Jennifer; Hartshorn, Stephanie; Jibben, Kay; Gordon, Cora; Nelson, Alice Marie; Reynolds, Kay; Davidson, Lucienne; de Blasiis, Virginia; Reyonlds, Kathryn; Terrell, Martha (1959-06-26)

• A Faculty Concert (program) Baker, Frank; Pernel, Orrea; Boepple, Paul; Brant, Henry; Finckel, George; Nowak, Lionel; Schonbeck, Gunnar (1959-09-09)

• Bennington College Community Orchestra (program) Brant, Henry (1959-10-01)

• Cora Gordon Senior Concert (program) Gordon, Cora; Creel, Jennifer; Terrell, Tita; Hoffman, Gretel; Miller, Amy; Carleton, Shelley; Price, Fausta; Fairbank, Catherine; Day, Kate; Little, Kitty; Bulgarelli, Diane; Davidson, Lucienne (1959-10-19)

• Faculty Concert (program) Nowak, Lionel; Jibben, Kay; Baker, Frank; Pernel, Orrea; Finckel, George; Brant, Henry (1959-10-28)

• Student Concert (program) Creel, Jennifer; Day, Kathleen; Pernel, Orrea; Tower, Joan; Bulgarelli, Diane; Earthrowl, Kathy; Finckel, George; Schonbeck, Gunnar; Rogers, Patsy; Sirulnikoff, Jack; Hartmann, Lisa; Johnson, Pat; Carter, Trina; Martin, Flip; Dunbar-Soule, Marcia; Jibben, Kay; Katey, Day; Reynolds, Kay; Terrell, Tita (1959-11-18)

• Joan Brockway, cellist and Stephen Manes, pianist (program)  Brockway, Joan; Manes, Stephen; DeGray, Julian (1959-11-22)

• M.I.T. Musical Clubs presents King David with The Bennington College Chorus The M.I.T. Glee Club and Symphony Orchestra under the direction of Paul Boepple (program)  (1959-12-06) Concert held in the Carriage Barn.

• Lucienne Davidson Senior Concert (program) Davidson, Lucienne (1959-12-10)

• M.I.T. Musical Clubs presents King David with The Bennington College Chorus The M.I.T. Glee Club and Symphony Orchestra under the direction of Paul Boepple (program) Concert held in the Kresge Auditorium at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.